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Diagnosing is the 2 nd phase of nursing process Nurse uses critical thinking skills to interpret assessment data All the activities preceding this phase are directed toward formulating nursing diagnosis. The use of the nursing process and nursing diagnoses is rapidly becoming an integral part of an effective system of nursing practice. Identification & Development of Nursing Diagnosis began in year 1973. It is derived from actual or potential problems. Derived from physiological, social, cultural, developmental and spiritual dimensions of client. NANDA INTERNATIONAL NANDA -North American Nursing Diagnosis Association a professional organization of nurses interested in standardized nursing terminology. Officially founded in 1982 and develops, researches, disseminates and refines the nomenclature, criteria, and taxonomy of nursing diagnoses. In 2002 Taxonomy II, which was a revised version of Gordon's functional health patterns, was released. The current structure of NANDA's...

Assessment is the foundation step of nursing process. It consists of systematic and orderly collection of information pertaining to and about the health status of the client. It includes the client’s perceived needs, health problems, related experiences, health practices, values and lifestyles. The information obtained helps to make nursing diagnoses and to develop a plan of care. PURPOSE OF ASSESSMENT To establish a data base (all the information about the client) such as - Nursing health history Physical assessment The physician’s history & physical examination Results of laboratory & diagnostic tests Material from other health personnel TYPES OF ASSESSMENT Initial assessment – Assessment performed within a specified time on admission. To establish a complete database for problem identification, reference and future comparison. Ex: nursing admission assessment Problem-focused assessment – Ongoing process integrated with nursing care, To use to determine status of a specific...

Practice of nursing is caring which is directed by the way the nurses view the client, the client’s environment, health and the purpose of nursing. To nurses the nursing process provides a useful description of how nursing should be performed. As nurses remain in constant interaction with their clients, professional colleagues, medical and health care team members, they have the best opportunity to assess the patient’s needs and provide evidence-based care. HISTORY OF NURSING PROCESS The term ‘Nursing Process’ was first used/mentioned by ‘Lydia Hall’, a nursing theorist, in 1955 wherein she introduced 3 STEPs: Observation, Administration of care and Validation. In 1967, Yura and Walsh added assessment to the three steps and described a four phase process (APIE). In the mid-1970s an addition of diagnostic phase resulted into a five step process (ADPIE). The use of nursing process in clinical practice was started in 1973 by the American Nurses Association (ANA) in Standards of Nursing Pr...

INTRODUCTION Health has been at the centre of human concern since ancient times. Civilisations developed and perished due to wars, conflicts and raging diseases, which left none untouched, save those whose health was taken care of by an organized system. Ancient civilisations that developed in Indus valley, Greece, Rome and Mesopotamia had fairly advanced health systems for their times and the medical practitioners enjoyed a high status in the society due to their practice. Two renowned medical systems developed in India in ancient times; Ayurveda and Siddha, which were quite similar in concept and practice. Indian systems sought knowledge by which life could be prolonged and some of the popular medical treatises of those times were the Charaka Samhita and the Sushruta Samhita. The practice of medicine has come a long way since the time of magic, religion and supernatural thoughts to a modern science following evidence-based practice with a range of services extending from preventive, ...